UPSC 2021 GS-III · 10 marks · 150 words

Explain the purpose of the Green Grid Initiative launched at World Leaders Summit of the COP26 UN Climate Change Conference in Glasgow in November, 2021. When was this idea first floated in the International Solar Alliance (ISA)?

What “Explain” demands

set out how or why something works, with the mechanism made explicit.

The characteristic failure: stating that it works without showing how.

What a top answer must contain

These are the checkable specifics from the marking standard for this question — the actual case, committee, datum or thinker, not an instruction to “give examples”.

  • GGI-OSOWOG: interconnected transnational solar grids — 'the sun never sets' logic for round-the-clock renewables
  • Purpose: smooth intermittency across time zones, reduce storage cost, enable green-power trade; India-UK launch at COP26
  • First floated: OSOWOG at ISA's First Assembly, October 2018
  • Challenges named: financing, grid-interdependence geopolitics, technical harmonisation

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