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UPSC 2023 GS-I · 10 marks · 150 words

What was the difference between Mahatma Gandhi and Rabindranath Tagore in their approach towards education and nationalism?

महात्मा गाँधी और रवीन्द्रनाथ टैगोर में शिक्षा और राष्ट्रवाद के प्रति सोच में क्या अंतर था?

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  • Education: Gandhi's Nai Talim (craft-centred, vernacular, Wardha 1937) vs Tagore's Santiniketan (universal humanism, nature, arts)
  • Nationalism: Gandhi's mass movement + swaraj vs Tagore's critique of nationalism as 'organised selfishness' (Nationalism, 1917)
  • The Great Sentinel exchange (1921): Tagore's charkha scepticism, Gandhi's reply in Young India
  • Convergence honestly noted: both anti-colonial, both against mimicry of the West, mutual reverence (Mahatma/Gurudev naming)

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