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UPSC 2022 GS-II · 15 marks · 250 words

Discuss the role of the Election Commission of India in the light of the evolution of the Model Code of Conduct.

What “Discuss” demands

present several distinct facets of the issue and connect them into an argument, giving the competing views real weight rather than one line each.

The characteristic failure: a list of points with no argument running through them.

What a top answer must contain

These are the checkable specifics from the marking standard for this question — the actual case, committee, datum or thinker, not an instruction to “give examples”.

  • MCC genesis: Kerala 1960, consensual and non-statutory — moral authority enforced through Art 324's plenary reservoir (Mohinder Singh Gill, 1978)
  • Evolution: Seshan-era teeth (1990s), linkage to poll notification, 2019 social-media extension, star-campaigner discipline
  • Instruments: transfers of officials, campaign bans, advisories — speed as the argument against statutory codification
  • Debate closed with a position: Standing Committee (2013) favoured statute; ECI resists — litigation would blunt the weapon

The band thresholds and the pre-scored sample answers behind this standard stay private — they are the calibration your copy is placed against.

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