UPSC 2019 GS-I · 10 marks · 150 words
Highlight the Central Asian and Greco-Bactrian elements in Gandhara art.
What a top answer must contain
These are the checkable specifics from the marking standard for this question — the actual case, committee, datum or thinker, not an instruction to “give examples”.
- Greco-Bactrian: wavy hair, sharp features, Apollo-like Buddha, toga-style drapery with heavy folds, acanthus and Corinthian capitals
- Central Asian: Kushan patronage (Kanishka), donor figures in tunic-trouser-boots, Bactrian dress on reliquaries
- Bimaran and Kanishka caskets as the datable objects to name
- Materials: grey schist, later stucco — distinguishes Gandhara from Mathura's red sandstone
- Synthesis point: the first anthropomorphic Buddha image, halo and ushnisha borrowed from Hellenistic conventions
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